PLJ 2022 Lahore 803
A father is obligated to maintain his children and a reasonable standard must be assumed for determining quantum of their maintenance allowance. It goes without saying that the court while.....
A father is obligated to maintain his children and a reasonable standard must be assumed for determining quantum of their maintenance allowance. It goes without saying that the court while considering the quantum of maintenance will take into consideration the fundamentals of the minors education, status, general expenses. The court must also take into consideration reasonable probability of obtaining education and the ability to take care of the minors in a stable, safe and healthy environment. Without due consideration of all these factors, the court cannot conclude positively the quantum of maintenance. There is no hard and fast formula for determining quantum of maintenance and the main consideration for the Court is the ability of the father to maintain the minors. This way merely stating that he is short of resources will not discharge him of his obligation. The basic objective for determining maintenance is to ensure that in all probability the minors are maintained by the father in dignified manner with reasonable comfort and that the mother of the child is not left to bear the burden of taking care of the minors. Quantum of maintenance requires due consideration of all factors on the basis of which the court can determine the actual need of the minor. In this regard, it is important for the court to keep in consideration the expenses incurred or likely to be incurred on the minors. Yet for the purpose of maintenance it is the obligation of the father to fulfill needs of his kids.
2024 LHC 2206
Writ Petition No.370 of 2024
Syed Zain Muntazar Mehdi V/S Mst. Sara Naqvi etc.
فیملی کورٹ کی ڈگری کا اجرا دائر کرنے کی کوئی معیاد نہ ھے۔
2024 CLC 979
Writ Petition No.6002 of 2022.
Mirza Muhammad Akbar Baig. Versus Add. District Judge, etc.
جب فیملی کورٹ جواب دعوی کا حق کلوز کردے
باپ بیٹی کی تعلیم کے اخراجات ادا کرنیکا پابند ہے
Whether a Muslim father is under an obligation to pay the expenses incurred on education of his daughter/children or whether maintenance of child includes educational expenses?
محض دوسری شادی کرلینے پر ماں کو بچوں کی حضانت سے محروم نہ کیا جاسکتا ہے
It is settled law that the father is the natural guardian while the mother is entitled to the custody (hizanat) of a male child till the age of seven years while in case of a female till she attains puberty. This right continues notwithstanding a divorce or separation. As a natural guardian it is the obligation of the father to maintain the child even if the custody is with the mother. The inability of the mother to financially support the child is not a determinate ground to deprive her from custody because in such an eventuality the father's obligation regarding maintenance is not extinguished. The rule that the father is a natural guardian and, therefore, entitled to the custody of the child nor that the mother loses the right of hizanat after the minor has attained the prescribed age or puberty, as the case may be, is not absolute, rather subject to exceptions.The decision regarding custody of a child is governed on the fundamental principle, the paramount and overarching consideration is the welfare of the child i.e to ascertain the course which is in the latter's best interest. The crucial criterion is, therefore, the best interest and welfare of a child while determining the question of custody. The rights or aspirations of the parents or some other person are subservient to this principle and each case of custody must be decided on the basis of ascertaining a course which is in the 'best interest of the child'. The factors or variables that may be taken into consideration while determining the question of custody of a child are not exhaustive but they would depend on the facts and circumstances of each case. The guiding principle is to ensure that the determination of custody promotes the rights of the child as well as the latter's wellbeing. The overriding consideration must be to protect the child from any physical, mental or emotional injury, neglect or negligent treatment.
The mother’s disability, illiteracy or financial status are not the sole determinant factors. The second marriage contracted by the mother also cannot become a stand-alone reason to disqualify her from obtaining the custody of the child.
Guardian and Ward/Custody of Minor
C.P.L.A.3801/2022 Shaista Habib v. Muhammad Arif Habib and others
Mr. Justice Athar Minallah
06-03-2023
23-04-2024
Custody of minor child; difference between 'Walayat' and 'Hizanat'.
It is essential to highlight that there is difference between Walayat (Guardianship) and Hizanat (Custody); in Muslim Law, as in almost every other system of law, the father is the natural guardian of the person and property of his minor child but Islam recognizes the mother as having prior right of custody, obvious reason is the nourishment, sustenance, patronage and up bringing of a human child so as to make him/her a useful human being. Mother keeps a caring instinct, therefore, is the suitable person for such task. That was the reason, for custody, the term ‘Hizanat’ has been used. The word “Hizanat” is derived from the Arabic word “Hizan” which means ‘lap of the mother’, it denotes giving a child to the mother’s lap for caring and rearing.